The Network maintains a VLBW Database for infants 401 to 1500 grams or gestational age between 22 weeks 0 days and 29 weeks 6 days who are born at participating hospitals or admitted to them within 28 days of birth. Member institutions also have the option of submitting data for infants weighing over 1500 grams at birth, who are admitted to a participating hospital neonatal intensive care unit or who die within 28 days of birth. Infants transferred to another hospital prior to final discharge to home are tracked and their survival status is determined. The Database is used to provide comprehensive, confidential reports to participating hospitals, which serve as the foundation for local quality improvement projects, internal audit, and peer review. The Database also provides information for use in outcomes research. Members have the option of submitting data for very low birth weight infants on paper forms or electronically. Members participating in the expanded Database for all NICU infants must submit all data electronically. Vermont Oxford Network provides to it's members, free of change, eNICQ software for electronic data entry and secure submission of data files.

The following figures shows the growth in the number of infants enrolled in the Database each year since 1990 and the number of NICUS participating in each of the years.